Editorial Book

Book Title: Advances in Plant Breeding - Volume 1

PAID ACCESS | Published on : 25-Jun-2026 | Pages: 1-13 | Doi : 10.37446/volbook022026/1-13

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Origin, Cytogenetics, Breeding Objectives, Floral Biology, Molecular Approaches in Wheat Improvement and Stress Breeding

• Yamin M John
• M.Sc. (Agri.), SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vendhar Nagar, Baburayanpettai, Elapakkam (Post), Chengalpattu (Dt.), Tamil Nadu, India.


• Selvakumar Gurunathan
• Associate Professor (Genetics and Plant Breeding), SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Vendhar Nagar, Baburayanpettai, Elapakkam (Post), Chengalpattu (Dt.), Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and related species) is a cornerstone of global food security, nutrition, and human civilization, providing a major share of calories and plant-based protein to billions worldwide. Its grains are rich in complex carbohydrates, moderate-quality protein, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and health-promoting phytochemicals, especially when consumed as whole grain. Cultivated across diverse agro-climatic regions on millions of hectares, wheat supports both global trade and rural livelihoods. Its genetic complexity, particularly the allohexaploid nature of bread wheat (A, B, and D genomes), along with its adaptability and diverse end uses, makes it a key target for scientific improvement. With emerging challenges such as climate change, soil degradation, micronutrient deficiencies, and evolving pests and diseases, modern wheat research integrates classical breeding, cytogenetics, floral biology, and molecular approaches to enhance yield, resilience, and nutritional quality.

Keywords

Triticum aestivum, Cytogenetics, Allohexaploid genome, Floral biology

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